See scratch on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "head-scratching"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch a liberal and a fascist bleeds"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch a liberal and you'll find a fascist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch a living"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch-and-dent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch and sniff"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch an itch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch below the surface"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch beneath the surface"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch by"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratcher"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch one's head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch one's own itch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratchpad"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch someone's back"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch that"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch the surface"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch together"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratchy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scracchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scracchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scratten",
"t": "to scratch"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scratten (“to scratch”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English scracchen, of uncertain origin. Probably a blend of Middle English scratten (“to scratch”) and cracchen (“to scratch”). More at scrat and cratch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "scratches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "scratching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "scratched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "scratched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "scratch (third-person singular simple present scratches, present participle scratching, simple past and past participle scratched)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Could you please scratch my back?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1733, [Jonathan Swift], On Poetry: A Rapsody, Dublin, London: […] [R. Fleming] [a]nd sold by J. Huggonson, […], →OCLC, pages 7–8, lines 85–90:",
"text": "Then riſing with Aurora’s Light, / The Muse invok’d, ſit down to write; / Blot out, correct, inſert, refine, / Enlarge, diminiſh, interline; / Be mindful, when Invention fails, / To ſcratch your Head, and bite your Nails.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rub a surface with a sharp object, especially by a living creature to remove itching with nails, claws, etc."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-en:rub_a_surface_with_a_sharp_object",
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"itch",
"itch"
],
[
"nail",
"nail"
],
[
"claw",
"claw"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:rub a surface with a sharp object"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gërryej"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gërric"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gërrith"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarbaša",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "خَرْبَشَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarbiš",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "خربش"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarbaš",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "خَرْبَش"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻercel",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "քերծել"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻorel",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "քորել"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "ãsür",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "আঁচোৰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "cızmaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "drápacʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́паць"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráštja",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́щя"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráskam",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́скам"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kut",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ကုတ်"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "esgarrapar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gratar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "yue",
"english": "to remove itching",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ngaau¹",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "𢯎"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhuā",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "抓"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huá",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "划"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sāo",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "搔"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "škrábat"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "škrábnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poškrabat"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "klø"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "krassen"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "krabben"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "grati"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "sügama"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kratsima"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "skava"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "skøva"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rispa"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raapia"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kynsiä"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rapsuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gratter"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "cozar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rañar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "fuñir"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳac̣vra",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "კაწვრა"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "pxač̣na",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ფხაჭნა"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gaḳac̣vra",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "გაკაწვრა"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kratzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xýno",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ξύνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "xúō",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ξύω"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "knḗthō",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "κνήθω"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karãi"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "geréd",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "גֵּרֵד"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "vakar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "megvakar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karcol"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "megkarcol"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karistol"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kapar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kraappia"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kraapata"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karsia"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karsittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kraamia"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scríob"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "in order to relieve an itch",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "tochais"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "grattare"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "graffiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"alt": "ひっかく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hikkaku",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "引っ掻く"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "csb",
"lang": "Kashubian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "drapac"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ʼeh",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "អេះ"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geukda",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "긁다"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "halkwida",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "할퀴다"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "araskar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "areskunyar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scabō"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scalpō"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "grattà"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "lut",
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ʔix̌"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "draska",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "драска"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "menggaru"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"english": "the head",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ope"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raku"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rakuraku"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raraku"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rapi"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rapirapi"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rarapi"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "niv",
"lang": "Nivkh",
"roman": "ẋarpț",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ӽарпть"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gratar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "roa-opt",
"lang": "Old Portuguese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "coçar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "hooquu"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâšidan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "خراشیدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "drapać"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "skrobać"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "coçar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "rap",
"lang": "Rapa Nui",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raku"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scărpina"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "sgrattar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "carápatʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "цара́пать"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarápatʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцара́пать"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "škrjábatʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "шкря́бать"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poškrjábatʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пошкря́бать"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "radati",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "रदति"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "škrabať"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "klösa"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "syl",
"lang": "Sylheti",
"roman": "asrani",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ꠀꠌ꠆ꠞꠣꠘꠤ"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "tet",
"lang": "Tetum",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "koi"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gao",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "เกา"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "sbar brad brgyab",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "སྦར་བྲད་བརྒྱབ"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kaşımak"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "škrjábaty",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "шкря́бати"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "drjápaty",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дря́пати"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gãi"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "crafu"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "vls",
"lang": "West Flemish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "schartn"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "vls",
"lang": "West Flemish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "skartn"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kratsn",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "קראַצן"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tsekratsn",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "צעקראַצן"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "wıreynayen"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "wıreyen"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "zea",
"lang": "Zealandic",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "krasse"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 7 7 25 1 6 6 4 5 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "zea",
"lang": "Zealandic",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kraeuwe"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I don't like that new scarf because it scratches my neck.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1962, Simone de Beauvoir, translated by Peter Green, The Prime of Life, Cleveland, OH: The World Publishing Company, translation of La Force de l'âge, →OCLC, page 77:",
"text": "Sometimes I lost track of them and had to hunt round in a circle, thrusting through sharp-scented bushes, scratching myself [translating m’écorchant] on various plants which were still new to me: resinaceous rock-roses, juniper, ilex, yellow and white asphodel.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rub the skin with rough material causing a sensation of irritation; to cause itching."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-en:rub_the_skin_with_rough_material",
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"irritation",
"irritation"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:rub the skin with rough material"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To rub the skin with rough material causing a sensation of irritation; to cause itching.",
"To irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-en:rub_the_skin_with_rough_material1",
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"irritation",
"irritation"
],
[
"unshaven",
"unshaven"
],
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:rub the skin with rough material",
"en:irritate someone's skin when kissing"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 4 79 0 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 2 4",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "grith"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 79 0 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráskam",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́скам"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 79 0 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "piquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 79 0 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 79 0 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "picar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 79 0 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "szúr"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 79 0 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 2 4",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "zan (diq)"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A real diamond can easily scratch a pane of glass.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mark a surface with a sharp object, thereby leaving a scratch (noun)."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-en:mark_a_surface_with_a_sharp_object",
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:mark a surface with a sharp object"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This platter scratches easily.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to get such scratches"
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-idUC9Tmw",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a surface) to get such scratches"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a surface"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cross out, strike out, strike through some text on a page."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-en:delete",
"links": [
[
"cross out",
"cross out"
],
[
"strike out",
"strike out"
],
[
"strike through",
"strike through"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:delete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Scratch what I said earlier; I was wrong.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "When the favorite was scratched from the race, there was a riot at the betting windows.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cross out, strike out, strike through some text on a page.",
"Hence, to remove, ignore, or delete."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-en:delete1",
"links": [
[
"cross out",
"cross out"
],
[
"strike out",
"strike out"
],
[
"strike through",
"strike through"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
],
[
"ignore",
"ignore"
],
[
"delete",
"delete"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:delete",
"en:remove; ignore; delete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "začérkvam",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "заче́рквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "pyyhkiä"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "biffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "rayer"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "oblitérer"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "svíno",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "σβήνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "töröl"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "kitöröl"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "kihúz"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "obliterare"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "annullare"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "apagar"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "riscar"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "začerknútʹ",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зачеркну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "začórkatʹ",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"perfective"
],
"word": "зачёркать"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výčerknutʹ",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вы́черкнуть"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "stryka"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "esteren"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 1 1 1 1 16 54 1 4 4 1 1 1 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "ternayen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "en:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To produce a distinctive sound on a turntable by moving a vinyl record back and forth while manipulating the crossfader (see also scratching)."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-Bj52tuv4",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"turntable",
"turntable"
],
[
"vinyl",
"vinyl"
],
[
"crossfader",
"crossfader"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) To produce a distinctive sound on a turntable by moving a vinyl record back and forth while manipulating the crossfader (see also scratching)."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Billiards",
"orig": "en:Billiards",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Embarrassingly, he scratched on the break, popping the cue completely off the table.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To commit a foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-2S4w37P5",
"links": [
[
"billiards",
"billiards"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(billiards) To commit a foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table."
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"billiards",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Billiards",
"orig": "en:Billiards",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To score, not by skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-8867jse4",
"links": [
[
"billiards",
"billiards"
],
[
"score",
"score"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(billiards, dated, US) To score, not by skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dated"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"billiards",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1714 February, [Jonathan Swift], The Publick Spirit of the Whigs: Set forth in Their Generous Encouragement of the Author of the Crisis: […], London: […] [John Barber] for John Morphew, […], →OCLC, page 1:",
"text": "If any of the Labourers can ſcratch out a Pamphlet, they deſire no more; There is no Queſtion offered about the Wit, the Style, the Argument.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To write or draw hastily or awkwardly; scrawl."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-en:write_or_draw_hastily_or_awkwardly",
"links": [
[
"scrawl",
"scrawl"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:write or draw hastily or awkwardly"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 1 1 4 0 4 4 6 5 2 63 0 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráskam",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́скам"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 1 4 0 4 4 6 5 2 63 0 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "krabbelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 1 4 0 4 4 6 5 2 63 0 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "raapustaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 1 4 0 4 4 6 5 2 63 0 1 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "griffonner"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 1 4 0 4 4 6 5 2 63 0 1 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "firkant"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 1 4 0 4 4 6 5 2 63 0 1 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "lefirkant"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 1 4 0 4 4 6 5 2 63 0 1 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "firkál"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 1 1 4 0 4 4 6 5 2 63 0 1 4",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "anten"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Some animals scratch holes, in which they burrow.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dig or excavate with the claws."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-1vOaQOoz",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To dig or excavate with the claws."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The cat scratched the little girl.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dig or scrape (a person's skin) with claws or fingernails in self-defense or with the intention to injure."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-en:dig_or_scrape_with_the_intention_to_injure",
"senseid": [
"en:dig or scrape with the intention to injure"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráštja",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́щя"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "klóra"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "raapia"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "kynsiä"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "griffer"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "rabuñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "kratzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sarát",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "שָׂרַט"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "karmol"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "megkarmol"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "klore"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "skrape"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "kløne"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "silluy"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarápatʹ",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцара́пать"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarápatʹsja",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцара́паться"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "arañar"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "riva"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 3 3 4 1 6 6 3 4 2 2 10 44 4",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "tıñıraqtaa",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "тыҥырахтаа"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Athletics",
"orig": "en:Athletics",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Swimming",
"orig": "en:Swimming",
"parents": [
"Water sports",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 June 21, Brandon Penny, NBC Sports:",
"text": "Kerley, 26, is the 2019 World bronze medalist at 400 meters, a distance he is known for and with which he also won the 2017 and 2019 U.S. titles, but surprised the track world by announcing one week ago that he scratched the 400m and would focus on the 100m and 200m in Eugene, Oregon, despite not having raced the 100m between 2015 and 2020.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008 July 26, P-J Vazel, World Athletics:",
"text": "Hurtis-Houairi, in lane three, quickly caught Arron, who was in lane four, winning in 22.80. Arron, who scratched the 100m semis in order to focus on the longer sprint, could only run 23.44.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To announce one's non-participation in a race or sports event part of a larger sports meeting that they were previously signed up for, usually in lieu of another event at the same meeting."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-verb-LWQsEYDJ",
"links": [
[
"swimming",
"swimming#Noun"
],
[
"athletics",
"athletics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(swimming, athletics) To announce one's non-participation in a race or sports event part of a larger sports meeting that they were previously signed up for, usually in lieu of another event at the same meeting."
],
"topics": [
"athletics",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports",
"swimming"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "skrăch"
},
{
"ipa": "/skɹæt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-scratch.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-us-scratch.ogg/En-us-scratch.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-us-scratch.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ætʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scrattle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "gërvisht"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čankṙel",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ճանկռել"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "qaşımaq"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "časácʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "часа́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žúlja",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "жу́ля"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "gratar"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "skriða"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "skræða"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "hieroa"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "hiertää"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "égratigner"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "rafar"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "eslasar"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspiñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kratzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xýno",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ξύνω"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "xúō",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ξύω"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "amússō",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ἀμύσσω"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "khãjvāḷvũ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ખંજવાળવું"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "szúr"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "garuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "graffiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspare"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "grattare"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "scabō"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "khājavṇe",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "खाजवणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "zgâria"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "česátʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чеса́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "počesátʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "почеса́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "carapatʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "царапать"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarapatʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцарапать"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "su",
"lang": "Sundanese",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "garo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kamot"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kagkag"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kaşındırmak"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čúxaty",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чу́хати"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "wıreyneyayen"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 37 37 1 1 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 2 1",
"code": "zea",
"lang": "Zealandic",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kraeuwe"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "odráskvam",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "одра́сквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "arpejar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gwaat³",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "刮"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "krassen"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kriimustama"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "naarmuttaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raapia"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rayer"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rabuñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gaduñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "eslagañar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raspuñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "grafiñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "zerkratzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "verkratzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "charásso",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "χαράσσω"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "knízō",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "κνίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sarat",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "שָׂרַט"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karcol"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "megkarcol"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "graffiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scabo"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "arranhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "hallp'iy"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "hasp'iy"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "zgâria"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "sgrifflar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "carápatʹ",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "цара́пать"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarápatʹ",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцара́пать"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "arañar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rasguñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rayar"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "çizmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "30 2 2 33 0 6 6 4 6 2 3 0 2 4",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "xizen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"scratch"
],
"word": "scratch"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cat scratch disease"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cat-scratch fever"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chicken scratch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "come to the scratch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "needle scratch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "no great scratch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Old Scratch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratchband"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch-built"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch card"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch comma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch hit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch made"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch print"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch-proof"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch race"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "scratch team"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "start from scratch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tight scratch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "up to scratch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "without a scratch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scracchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scracchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scratten",
"t": "to scratch"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scratten (“to scratch”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English scracchen, of uncertain origin. Probably a blend of Middle English scratten (“to scratch”) and cracchen (“to scratch”). More at scrat and cratch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "scratches",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "scratch (countable and uncountable, plural scratches)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I can’t believe there is a scratch in the paint already.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Her skin was covered with tiny scratches.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iv]:",
"text": "God forbid a shallow scratch should drive / The prince of Wales from such a field as this.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1677–1683, Joseph Moxon, “(please specify the page)”, in Mechanick Exercises, or The Doctrine of Handy-Works, […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: […] Joseph Moxon, published 1678–1683, →OCLC:",
"text": "The coarse file[…]makes deep scratches in the work.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1709, Matthew Prior, Henry and Emma, line 503:",
"text": "These nails with scratches deform my breast.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Thus, when he drew up instructions in lawyer language, he expressed the important words by an initial, a medial, or a final consonant, and made scratches for all the words between; his clerks, however, understood him very well.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:",
"text": "A very neat old woman, still in her good outdoor coat and best beehive hat, was sitting at a polished mahogany table on whose surface there were several scored scratches so deep that a triangular piece of the veneer had come cleanly away,[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disruption, mark or shallow cut on a surface made by scratching."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-en:disruption_or_mark_on_a_surface",
"links": [
[
"disruption",
"disruption"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:disruption or mark on a surface"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "cızıq"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "drápina",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дра́піна"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "draskotína",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "драскоти́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esgarrapada"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esgarrinxada"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esgarrap"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škrábanec"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ridse"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kras"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "grato"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "naarmu"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "viiru"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "éraflure"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "égratignure"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rayure"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rabuñada"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "amata"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rabuño"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rascada"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kratzer"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gratzouniá",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γρατζουνιά"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "amukhḗ",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀμυχή"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'ritá",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שְׂרִיטָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "karc"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "karcolás"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "graffio"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strappo"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incrinatura"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "thnɑh",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "ថ្នស់"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâš",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "خراش"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schraum"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rysa"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zadrapanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arranhão"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "risco"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"Rumantsch-Grischun",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgriffel"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "carápina",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "цара́пина"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgrìobadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arañazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rayadura"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "repa"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rivsår"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "çizik"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "podrjápyna",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "подря́пина"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "drjápyna",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дря́пина"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "vết cào"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "vết xước"
},
{
"_dis1": "69 0 1 11 1 1 1 0 5 0 1 1 3 3 2",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "çığiz"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The dog sat up and had a good scratch.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-~QR402J1",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 79 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "česáne",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чеса́не"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "raapiminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "vakarás"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "megvakarás"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "vakaródzás"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grattamento"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "česánije",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чеса́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 79 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 3 3",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "wereynayen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1820, Reuben Percy, Sholto Percy, The Percy Anecdotes:",
"text": "He started a few seconds before the time and came up in speed to the scratch at the moment appointed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A starting line (originally and simply, a line scratched in the ground), as in boxing."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-d8V0csHQ",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"boxing",
"boxing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"A starting line (originally and simply, a line scratched in the ground), as in boxing."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A technical error of touching or surpassing the starting mark prior to the official start signal in the sporting events of long jump, discus, hammer throw, shot put, and similar. Originally the starting mark was a scratch on the ground but is now a board or precisely indicated mark."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-PUJeU9XN",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"long jump",
"long jump"
],
[
"discus",
"discus"
],
[
"hammer throw",
"hammer throw"
],
[
"shot put",
"shot put"
],
[
"board",
"board"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"A technical error of touching or surpassing the starting mark prior to the official start signal in the sporting events of long jump, discus, hammer throw, shot put, and similar. Originally the starting mark was a scratch on the ground but is now a board or precisely indicated mark."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cycling",
"orig": "en:Cycling",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901, “Gleanings”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 1, page 31:",
"text": "Eventually the elephant and camel were despatched by themselves with two laps start of the bicyclist and horse, the motor car being scratch.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The last riders to depart in a handicap race."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-Drcj4Bpv",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"cycling",
"cycling#Noun"
],
[
"rider",
"rider"
],
[
"depart",
"depart"
],
[
"handicap",
"handicap"
],
[
"race",
"race"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"(cycling) The last riders to depart in a handicap race."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"cycling",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Billiards",
"orig": "en:Billiards",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An aberration.",
"A foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-MO6E-TkX",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"billiards",
"billiards"
],
[
"aberration",
"aberration"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"(billiards) An aberration.",
"A foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"billiards",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Billiards",
"orig": "en:Billiards",
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"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An aberration.",
"A shot which scores by chance and not as intended by the player; a fluke."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun--fV-vojV",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"billiards",
"billiards"
],
[
"aberration",
"aberration"
],
[
"shot",
"shot"
],
[
"fluke",
"fluke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"(billiards) An aberration.",
"(archaic, US, slang) A shot which scores by chance and not as intended by the player; a fluke."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"archaic",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"billiards",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Horse racing",
"orig": "en:Horse racing",
"parents": [
"Equestrianism",
"Horses",
"Sports",
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Human activity",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Human behaviour",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Human",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sports",
"orig": "en:Sports",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There were two scratches in race 8, which reduced the field from nine horses to seven.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A horse withdrawn from a race prior to the start."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-5zWqBRga",
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"horse racing",
"horse racing"
],
[
"withdrawn",
"withdrawn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"(horse racing) A horse withdrawn from a race prior to the start."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"horse-racing",
"horseracing",
"horses",
"lifestyle",
"pets",
"racing",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "English meioses",
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},
{
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"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Injuries",
"orig": "en:Injuries",
"parents": [
"Health",
"Body",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It's just a scratch!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A minor injury."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-r7PsUEsu",
"links": [
[
"minor",
"minor"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, Clive James, North Face of Soho, Picador, published 2007, page 153:",
"text": "He and Bruce cooked up a script together, and Bruce flew home to raise the scratch.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Money."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-J8QT-YIn",
"links": [
[
"Money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Money."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mangizi",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "мангизи"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "centen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "money",
"word": "raha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pognon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flouze"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blé"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grisbi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "thune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "malloppo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grana"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bábki",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ба́бки"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "money",
"word": "derben"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A feed, usually a mixture of a few common grains, given to chickens."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-YJATRQhz",
"links": [
[
"feed",
"feed"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
],
[
"chicken",
"chicken"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887, James Law, The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser:",
"text": "These are exemplified in the scurfy, scaly affections which appear in the bend of the knee (mallenders) and hock (sallenders) and on the lower parts of the limbs, by scratches, and by a scaly exfoliation[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-zpw4RHiD",
"links": [
[
"excoriation",
"excoriation"
],
[
"scab",
"scab"
],
[
"heel",
"heel"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"in-plural",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
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{
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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{
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"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Headwear",
"orig": "en:Headwear",
"parents": [
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"Human",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"ref": "1775, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin 2001, 26 March",
"text": "[H]e turned to him with a dejected Face, and said ‘ – pray Sir, – could you touch up This a little?’ taking hold of his frightful scratch."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A scratch wig."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-ufwnL7Ty",
"links": [
[
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"scratch wig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now historical) A scratch wig."
],
"tags": [
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"historical",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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{
"_dis": "4 4 1 3 1 1 4 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 3 2 7 11 2 3 2 2 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 4 6 4 1 2 2 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 4 2 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 3 1 1 3 6 2 4 3 5 1 1 3 2 7 11 1 3 2 2 3 1 4 4 4 4 2 3 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 3 1 1 3 6 2 4 3 5 1 1 3 2 8 11 1 3 2 2 3 1 4 4 3 4 2 3 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kashubian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 2 2 6 11 5 3 1 1 2 1 7 7 4 3 2 2 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 3 6 4 1 2 2 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 4 2 0 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ladino translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 3 1 1 3 6 2 4 3 5 1 1 3 2 8 11 1 3 2 2 3 1 4 4 3 4 2 3 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 3 1 1 3 6 2 4 4 4 1 1 2 2 6 11 4 3 2 2 3 0 6 6 4 4 2 2 0 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lombard translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 1 3 1 0 3 5 2 4 3 5 1 1 3 2 8 11 1 4 2 2 4 0 4 4 3 4 2 2 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lushootseed translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 12 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 2 2 1 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 2 2 6 12 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 1 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 3 1 1 3 4 2 4 5 4 2 1 3 2 6 10 2 3 2 2 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 1 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 1 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 3 5 4 1 1 3 2 7 11 3 3 2 2 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Nivkh translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 4 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 3 5 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 1 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 1 3 1 0 3 6 1 3 3 5 0 1 2 2 7 15 2 3 1 1 3 0 5 5 5 3 2 2 0 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old Galician-Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 2 2 7 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Oromo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 6 2 3 4 5 1 1 2 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 2 2 1 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 1 2 1 0 3 7 2 3 4 6 1 1 2 2 6 16 2 3 1 1 3 0 5 5 5 3 2 3 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 2 1 2 2 6 10 3 4 3 3 2 1 5 5 4 3 2 2 1 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 3 2 1 3 5 2 3 5 5 1 1 2 2 6 12 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 2 2 1 4 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 3 5 4 1 1 3 2 7 11 3 3 2 2 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Quechua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 1 2 1 0 4 4 1 3 5 3 1 2 3 2 7 11 4 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 4 2 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Rapa Nui translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 4 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 2 2 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 3 1 1 4 5 2 3 5 4 1 2 3 2 7 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 0 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romansch translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 3 1 1 3 7 2 4 3 6 1 1 3 2 7 11 1 3 2 2 3 1 4 4 4 3 2 3 0 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 3 2 7 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 12 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 2 2 1 4 3",
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"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 3 1 1 3 5 2 4 3 5 1 1 3 2 8 11 1 4 2 2 3 1 5 5 4 4 1 3 0 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 3 5 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Sundanese translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "4 4 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 3 5 4 1 1 3 2 7 11 3 3 2 2 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 0 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Sylheti translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 3 1 1 3 6 2 4 3 5 1 1 3 2 8 11 1 3 2 2 3 1 4 4 3 4 2 3 0 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Tetum translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 4 3 4 1 1 2 2 6 13 5 3 1 1 2 1 7 7 4 3 2 2 1 3 3",
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"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 1 3 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 3 2 7 11 4 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 2 2 1 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 12 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 3 2 6 12 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 5 3 3 2 1 1 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 3 4 4 1 1 2 2 6 12 3 3 1 1 3 1 5 5 4 3 3 2 1 4 3",
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"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 3 1 1 3 5 2 4 3 5 1 1 3 2 7 10 1 3 2 2 3 1 5 5 3 3 2 2 1 1 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 2 1 3 5 2 3 6 4 1 3 3 2 5 11 3 3 1 1 2 1 5 5 4 3 4 2 1 2 3",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 1 2 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 4 1 1 2 2 7 11 3 3 1 1 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 0 2 3",
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{
"_dis": "3 4 1 3 1 1 4 5 2 3 4 5 1 1 3 2 6 11 3 3 2 2 3 1 6 6 4 3 3 2 1 1 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 3 1 1 3 6 2 4 3 5 1 1 3 2 8 11 1 3 2 2 3 1 4 4 3 4 2 3 0 1 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 3 1 1 3 5 2 4 4 5 1 2 3 2 7 11 1 3 2 2 3 1 4 4 4 3 2 3 1 1 3",
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"name": "Terms with Zealandic translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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],
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"A genre of Virgin Islander music, better known as fungi."
],
"id": "en-scratch-en-noun-rESjxuG6",
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[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"fungi",
"fungi"
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],
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"(music) A genre of Virgin Islander music, better known as fungi."
],
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{
"_dis1": "1 0 4 6 2 5 3 6 1 0 4 2 10 56 1",
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},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 4 6 2 5 3 6 1 0 4 2 10 56 1",
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"word": "quelbe"
}
],
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"countable",
"uncountable"
],
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"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
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{
"ref": "2017, P. L. Hawks, I Love Paris:",
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}
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"Scrawled or illegible handwriting; chicken scratch."
],
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[
"chicken scratch",
"chicken scratch"
]
],
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]
}
],
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"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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"expansion": "uncertain",
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{
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},
"expansion": "Middle English scratten (“to scratch”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English scracchen, of uncertain origin. Probably a blend of Middle English scratten (“to scratch”) and cracchen (“to scratch”). More at scrat and cratch.",
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[
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[
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"ref": "1902, Henry James, The Wings of the Dove:",
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},
{
"ref": "1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford, published 2004, page 740:",
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},
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "topical",
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],
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{
"text": "scratch memory"
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],
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"computing",
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[
"scratchpad",
"scratchpad"
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[
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"data structure"
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[
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[
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) Relating to a scratchpad, a data structure or recording medium attached to a machine for testing or temporary use."
],
"tags": [
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],
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"engineering",
"mathematics",
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"sciences"
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"Fundamental"
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}
],
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"ref": "1964, Charles Price, The American golfer, page 48:",
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}
],
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"(of a player) Of a standard high enough to play without a handicap, i.e. to compete without the benefit of a variation in scoring based on ability."
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"id": "en-scratch-en-adj-vd0YinLy",
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[
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[
"handicap",
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],
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"(sports) (of a player) Of a standard high enough to play without a handicap, i.e. to compete without the benefit of a variation in scoring based on ability."
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"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
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],
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"word": "velcro"
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],
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"3": "scratch"
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"expansion": "Borrowed from English scratch",
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],
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],
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "scratch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratche",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratche",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "scratche",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "scratch m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"scratch"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "scratchy",
"nomp": "scratche"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "skrecz"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Cycling",
"orig": "pl:Cycling",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "pl:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Tennis",
"orig": "pl:Tennis",
"parents": [
"Ball games",
"Racquet sports",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "scratchować"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of skrecz"
],
"id": "en-scratch-pl-noun-DNXMv5l5",
"links": [
[
"cycling",
"cycling#Noun"
],
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"tennis",
"tennis"
],
[
"skrecz",
"skrecz#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cycling, music, tennis) Alternative spelling of skrecz"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"cycling",
"entertainment",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"music",
"sports",
"tennis"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/skrɛt͡ʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt͡ʂ"
},
{
"homophone": "skrecz"
}
],
"word": "scratch"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "en",
"3": "scratch"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English scratch",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English scratch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "scratchs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "scratch m (plural scratchs)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "es:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"scratch"
],
"id": "en-scratch-es-noun-Wpy2tU6l",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) scratch"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Royal Spanish Academy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/esˈkɾat͡ʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[esˈkɾat͡ʃ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-atʃ"
}
],
"word": "scratch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Requests for review of Occitan translations",
"Rhymes:English/ætʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ætʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kashubian translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Lushootseed translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Nivkh translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old Galician-Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Oromo translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Rapa Nui translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Sundanese translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Sylheti translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tetum translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Flemish translations",
"Terms with Yakut translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"Terms with Zealandic translations",
"en:Headwear",
"en:Injuries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "head-scratching"
},
{
"word": "scratch a liberal and a fascist bleeds"
},
{
"word": "scratch a liberal and you'll find a fascist"
},
{
"word": "scratch a living"
},
{
"word": "scratch-and-dent"
},
{
"word": "scratch and sniff"
},
{
"word": "scratch an itch"
},
{
"word": "scratch below the surface"
},
{
"word": "scratch beneath the surface"
},
{
"word": "scratch by"
},
{
"word": "scratcher"
},
{
"word": "scratch one's head"
},
{
"word": "scratch one's own itch"
},
{
"word": "scratch out"
},
{
"word": "scratchpad"
},
{
"word": "scratch someone's back"
},
{
"word": "scratch that"
},
{
"word": "scratch the surface"
},
{
"word": "scratch together"
},
{
"word": "scratch up"
},
{
"word": "scratchy"
},
{
"word": "you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scracchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scracchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scratten",
"t": "to scratch"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scratten (“to scratch”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English scracchen, of uncertain origin. Probably a blend of Middle English scratten (“to scratch”) and cracchen (“to scratch”). More at scrat and cratch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "scratches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "scratching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "scratched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "scratched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "scratch (third-person singular simple present scratches, present participle scratching, simple past and past participle scratched)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Could you please scratch my back?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1733, [Jonathan Swift], On Poetry: A Rapsody, Dublin, London: […] [R. Fleming] [a]nd sold by J. Huggonson, […], →OCLC, pages 7–8, lines 85–90:",
"text": "Then riſing with Aurora’s Light, / The Muse invok’d, ſit down to write; / Blot out, correct, inſert, refine, / Enlarge, diminiſh, interline; / Be mindful, when Invention fails, / To ſcratch your Head, and bite your Nails.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rub a surface with a sharp object, especially by a living creature to remove itching with nails, claws, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"itch",
"itch"
],
[
"nail",
"nail"
],
[
"claw",
"claw"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:rub a surface with a sharp object"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I don't like that new scarf because it scratches my neck.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1962, Simone de Beauvoir, translated by Peter Green, The Prime of Life, Cleveland, OH: The World Publishing Company, translation of La Force de l'âge, →OCLC, page 77:",
"text": "Sometimes I lost track of them and had to hunt round in a circle, thrusting through sharp-scented bushes, scratching myself [translating m’écorchant] on various plants which were still new to me: resinaceous rock-roses, juniper, ilex, yellow and white asphodel.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To rub the skin with rough material causing a sensation of irritation; to cause itching."
],
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"irritation",
"irritation"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:rub the skin with rough material"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"glosses": [
"To rub the skin with rough material causing a sensation of irritation; to cause itching.",
"To irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing."
],
"links": [
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"rough",
"rough"
],
[
"irritation",
"irritation"
],
[
"unshaven",
"unshaven"
],
[
"kiss",
"kiss"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:rub the skin with rough material",
"en:irritate someone's skin when kissing"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A real diamond can easily scratch a pane of glass.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To mark a surface with a sharp object, thereby leaving a scratch (noun)."
],
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:mark a surface with a sharp object"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This platter scratches easily.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to get such scratches"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a surface) to get such scratches"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a surface"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To cross out, strike out, strike through some text on a page."
],
"links": [
[
"cross out",
"cross out"
],
[
"strike out",
"strike out"
],
[
"strike through",
"strike through"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:delete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Scratch what I said earlier; I was wrong.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "When the favorite was scratched from the race, there was a riot at the betting windows.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cross out, strike out, strike through some text on a page.",
"Hence, to remove, ignore, or delete."
],
"links": [
[
"cross out",
"cross out"
],
[
"strike out",
"strike out"
],
[
"strike through",
"strike through"
],
[
"remove",
"remove"
],
[
"ignore",
"ignore"
],
[
"delete",
"delete"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:delete",
"en:remove; ignore; delete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"To produce a distinctive sound on a turntable by moving a vinyl record back and forth while manipulating the crossfader (see also scratching)."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"turntable",
"turntable"
],
[
"vinyl",
"vinyl"
],
[
"crossfader",
"crossfader"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) To produce a distinctive sound on a turntable by moving a vinyl record back and forth while manipulating the crossfader (see also scratching)."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Billiards"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Embarrassingly, he scratched on the break, popping the cue completely off the table.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To commit a foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table."
],
"links": [
[
"billiards",
"billiards"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(billiards) To commit a foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table."
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"billiards",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English dated terms",
"en:Billiards"
],
"glosses": [
"To score, not by skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game."
],
"links": [
[
"billiards",
"billiards"
],
[
"score",
"score"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(billiards, dated, US) To score, not by skillful play but by some fortunate chance of the game."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dated"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"billiards",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1714 February, [Jonathan Swift], The Publick Spirit of the Whigs: Set forth in Their Generous Encouragement of the Author of the Crisis: […], London: […] [John Barber] for John Morphew, […], →OCLC, page 1:",
"text": "If any of the Labourers can ſcratch out a Pamphlet, they deſire no more; There is no Queſtion offered about the Wit, the Style, the Argument.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To write or draw hastily or awkwardly; scrawl."
],
"links": [
[
"scrawl",
"scrawl"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:write or draw hastily or awkwardly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Some animals scratch holes, in which they burrow.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dig or excavate with the claws."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To dig or excavate with the claws."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The cat scratched the little girl.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dig or scrape (a person's skin) with claws or fingernails in self-defense or with the intention to injure."
],
"senseid": [
"en:dig or scrape with the intention to injure"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Athletics",
"en:Swimming"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 June 21, Brandon Penny, NBC Sports:",
"text": "Kerley, 26, is the 2019 World bronze medalist at 400 meters, a distance he is known for and with which he also won the 2017 and 2019 U.S. titles, but surprised the track world by announcing one week ago that he scratched the 400m and would focus on the 100m and 200m in Eugene, Oregon, despite not having raced the 100m between 2015 and 2020.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2008 July 26, P-J Vazel, World Athletics:",
"text": "Hurtis-Houairi, in lane three, quickly caught Arron, who was in lane four, winning in 22.80. Arron, who scratched the 100m semis in order to focus on the longer sprint, could only run 23.44.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To announce one's non-participation in a race or sports event part of a larger sports meeting that they were previously signed up for, usually in lieu of another event at the same meeting."
],
"links": [
[
"swimming",
"swimming#Noun"
],
[
"athletics",
"athletics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(swimming, athletics) To announce one's non-participation in a race or sports event part of a larger sports meeting that they were previously signed up for, usually in lieu of another event at the same meeting."
],
"topics": [
"athletics",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports",
"swimming"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "skrăch"
},
{
"ipa": "/skɹæt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-scratch.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-us-scratch.ogg/En-us-scratch.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-us-scratch.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ætʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "scrattle"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gërryej"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gërric"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gërrith"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarbaša",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "خَرْبَشَ"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarbiš",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "خربش"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḵarbaš",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic"
],
"word": "خَرْبَش"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻercel",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "քերծել"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻorel",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "քորել"
},
{
"code": "as",
"lang": "Assamese",
"roman": "ãsür",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "আঁচোৰ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "cızmaq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "drápacʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́паць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráštja",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́щя"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráskam",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́скам"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kut",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ကုတ်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "esgarrapar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gratar"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"english": "to remove itching",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "ngaau¹",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "𢯎"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhuā",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "抓"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huá",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "划"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sāo",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "搔"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "škrábat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "škrábnout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poškrabat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "klø"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "krassen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "krabben"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "grati"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "sügama"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kratsima"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "skava"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "skøva"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rispa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raapia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kynsiä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rapsuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gratter"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "cozar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rañar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "fuñir"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳac̣vra",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "კაწვრა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "pxač̣na",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ფხაჭნა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gaḳac̣vra",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "გაკაწვრა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kratzen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xýno",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ξύνω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "xúō",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ξύω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "knḗthō",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "κνήθω"
},
{
"code": "gn",
"lang": "Guaraní",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karãi"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "geréd",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "גֵּרֵד"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "vakar"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "megvakar"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karcol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "megkarcol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karistol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kapar"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kraappia"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kraapata"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karsia"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karsittaa"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kraamia"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scríob"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"note": "in order to relieve an itch",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "tochais"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "grattare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "graffiare"
},
{
"alt": "ひっかく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "hikkaku",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "引っ掻く"
},
{
"code": "csb",
"lang": "Kashubian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "drapac"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "ʼeh",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "អេះ"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geukda",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "긁다"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "halkwida",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "할퀴다"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "araskar"
},
{
"code": "lad",
"lang": "Ladino",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "areskunyar"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scabō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scalpō"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "grattà"
},
{
"code": "lut",
"lang": "Lushootseed",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ʔix̌"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "draska",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "драска"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "menggaru"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "the head",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ope"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raku"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rakuraku"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raraku"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rapi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rapirapi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rarapi"
},
{
"code": "niv",
"lang": "Nivkh",
"roman": "ẋarpț",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ӽарпть"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gratar"
},
{
"code": "roa-opt",
"lang": "Old Portuguese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "coçar"
},
{
"code": "om",
"lang": "Oromo",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "hooquu"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâšidan",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "خراشیدن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "drapać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "skrobać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "coçar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"code": "rap",
"lang": "Rapa Nui",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raku"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scărpina"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "sgrattar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "carápatʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "цара́пать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarápatʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцара́пать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "škrjábatʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "шкря́бать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "poškrjábatʹ",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "пошкря́бать"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "radati",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "रदति"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "škrabať"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rascar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "klösa"
},
{
"code": "syl",
"lang": "Sylheti",
"roman": "asrani",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "ꠀꠌ꠆ꠞꠣꠘꠤ"
},
{
"code": "tet",
"lang": "Tetum",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "koi"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gao",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "เกา"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "sbar brad brgyab",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "སྦར་བྲད་བརྒྱབ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kaşımak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "škrjábaty",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "шкря́бати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "drjápaty",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дря́пати"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gãi"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "crafu"
},
{
"code": "vls",
"lang": "West Flemish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "schartn"
},
{
"code": "vls",
"lang": "West Flemish",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "skartn"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kratsn",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "קראַצן"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tsekratsn",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "צעקראַצן"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "wıreynayen"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "wıreyen"
},
{
"code": "zea",
"lang": "Zealandic",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "krasse"
},
{
"code": "zea",
"lang": "Zealandic",
"sense": "rub a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kraeuwe"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "gërvisht"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "čankṙel",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ճանկռել"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "qaşımaq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "časácʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "часа́ць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žúlja",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "жу́ля"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "gratar"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "skriða"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "skræða"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "hieroa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "hiertää"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "égratigner"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "rafar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "eslasar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspiñar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kratzen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "xýno",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ξύνω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "xúō",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ξύω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "amússō",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ἀμύσσω"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "khãjvāḷvũ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "ખંજવાળવું"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "szúr"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "garuk"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "graffiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "grattare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "scabō"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "khājavṇe",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "खाजवणे"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "zgâria"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "česátʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чеса́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "počesátʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "почеса́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "carapatʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "царапать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarapatʹ",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцарапать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"code": "su",
"lang": "Sundanese",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "garo"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kamot"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kagkag"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kaşındırmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čúxaty",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "чу́хати"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "wıreyneyayen"
},
{
"code": "zea",
"lang": "Zealandic",
"sense": "rub the skin with rough material",
"word": "kraeuwe"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "grith"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráskam",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́скам"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "piquer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "picar"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "szúr"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "irritate someone's skin with one's unshaven beard when kissing",
"word": "zan (diq)"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "odráskvam",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "одра́сквам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "arpejar"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "gwaat³",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "刮"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "krassen"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "kriimustama"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "naarmuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raapia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rayer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rabuñar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "gaduñar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "eslagañar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "raspuñar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "grafiñar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "zerkratzen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "verkratzen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "charásso",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "χαράσσω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "knízō",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "κνίζω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sarat",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "שָׂרַט"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "karcol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "megkarcol"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "graffiare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "scabo"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "arranhar"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "hallp'iy"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "hasp'iy"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "zgâria"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "sgrifflar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "carápatʹ",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "цара́пать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarápatʹ",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцара́пать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "arañar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rasguñar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "rayar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "çizmek"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "mark a surface with a sharp object",
"word": "xizen"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "začérkvam",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "заче́рквам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "pyyhkiä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "biffer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "rayer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "oblitérer"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "svíno",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "σβήνω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "töröl"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "kitöröl"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "kihúz"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "obliterare"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "annullare"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "apagar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "riscar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "začerknútʹ",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "зачеркну́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "začórkatʹ",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"perfective"
],
"word": "зачёркать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výčerknutʹ",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вы́черкнуть"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "stryka"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "esteren"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "remove, ignore, or delete",
"word": "ternayen"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráskam",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́скам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "krabbelen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "raapustaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "griffonner"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "firkant"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "lefirkant"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "firkál"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "write or draw hastily or awkwardly",
"word": "anten"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dráštja",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дра́щя"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "klóra"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "raapia"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "kynsiä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "griffer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "rabuñar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "kratzen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "sarát",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "שָׂרַט"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "karmol"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "megkarmol"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "klore"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "skrape"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "kløne"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "silluy"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarápatʹ",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцара́пать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pocarápatʹsja",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "поцара́паться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "arañar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "riva"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "tıñıraqtaa",
"sense": "dig or scrape with claws or fingernails with the intention to injure",
"word": "тыҥырахтаа"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"scratch"
],
"word": "scratch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Requests for review of Occitan translations",
"Rhymes:English/ætʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ætʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kashubian translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Lushootseed translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Nivkh translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old Galician-Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Oromo translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Rapa Nui translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Sundanese translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Sylheti translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tetum translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Flemish translations",
"Terms with Yakut translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"Terms with Zealandic translations",
"en:Headwear",
"en:Injuries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cat scratch disease"
},
{
"word": "cat-scratch fever"
},
{
"word": "chicken scratch"
},
{
"word": "come to the scratch"
},
{
"word": "needle scratch"
},
{
"word": "no great scratch"
},
{
"word": "Old Scratch"
},
{
"word": "scratchband"
},
{
"word": "scratch-built"
},
{
"word": "scratch card"
},
{
"word": "scratch comma"
},
{
"word": "scratch hit"
},
{
"word": "scratch made"
},
{
"word": "scratch print"
},
{
"word": "scratch-proof"
},
{
"word": "scratch race"
},
{
"word": "scratch team"
},
{
"word": "start from scratch"
},
{
"word": "tight scratch"
},
{
"word": "up to scratch"
},
{
"word": "without a scratch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scracchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scracchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scratten",
"t": "to scratch"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scratten (“to scratch”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English scracchen, of uncertain origin. Probably a blend of Middle English scratten (“to scratch”) and cracchen (“to scratch”). More at scrat and cratch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "scratches",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "scratch (countable and uncountable, plural scratches)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I can’t believe there is a scratch in the paint already.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Her skin was covered with tiny scratches.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iv]:",
"text": "God forbid a shallow scratch should drive / The prince of Wales from such a field as this.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1677–1683, Joseph Moxon, “(please specify the page)”, in Mechanick Exercises, or The Doctrine of Handy-Works, […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: […] Joseph Moxon, published 1678–1683, →OCLC:",
"text": "The coarse file[…]makes deep scratches in the work.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1709, Matthew Prior, Henry and Emma, line 503:",
"text": "These nails with scratches deform my breast.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "Thus, when he drew up instructions in lawyer language, he expressed the important words by an initial, a medial, or a final consonant, and made scratches for all the words between; his clerks, however, understood him very well.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:",
"text": "A very neat old woman, still in her good outdoor coat and best beehive hat, was sitting at a polished mahogany table on whose surface there were several scored scratches so deep that a triangular piece of the veneer had come cleanly away,[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A disruption, mark or shallow cut on a surface made by scratching."
],
"links": [
[
"disruption",
"disruption"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:disruption or mark on a surface"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The dog sat up and had a good scratch.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Sports"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1820, Reuben Percy, Sholto Percy, The Percy Anecdotes:",
"text": "He started a few seconds before the time and came up in speed to the scratch at the moment appointed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A starting line (originally and simply, a line scratched in the ground), as in boxing."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"boxing",
"boxing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"A starting line (originally and simply, a line scratched in the ground), as in boxing."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Sports"
],
"glosses": [
"A technical error of touching or surpassing the starting mark prior to the official start signal in the sporting events of long jump, discus, hammer throw, shot put, and similar. Originally the starting mark was a scratch on the ground but is now a board or precisely indicated mark."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"long jump",
"long jump"
],
[
"discus",
"discus"
],
[
"hammer throw",
"hammer throw"
],
[
"shot put",
"shot put"
],
[
"board",
"board"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"A technical error of touching or surpassing the starting mark prior to the official start signal in the sporting events of long jump, discus, hammer throw, shot put, and similar. Originally the starting mark was a scratch on the ground but is now a board or precisely indicated mark."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Cycling",
"en:Sports"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1901, “Gleanings”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, number 1, page 31:",
"text": "Eventually the elephant and camel were despatched by themselves with two laps start of the bicyclist and horse, the motor car being scratch.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The last riders to depart in a handicap race."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"cycling",
"cycling#Noun"
],
[
"rider",
"rider"
],
[
"depart",
"depart"
],
[
"handicap",
"handicap"
],
[
"race",
"race"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"(cycling) The last riders to depart in a handicap race."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"cycling",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Billiards",
"en:Sports"
],
"glosses": [
"An aberration.",
"A foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"billiards",
"billiards"
],
[
"aberration",
"aberration"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"(billiards) An aberration.",
"A foul in pool, as where the cue ball is put into a pocket or jumps off the table."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"billiards",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English slang",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"en:Billiards",
"en:Sports"
],
"glosses": [
"An aberration.",
"A shot which scores by chance and not as intended by the player; a fluke."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"billiards",
"billiards"
],
[
"aberration",
"aberration"
],
[
"shot",
"shot"
],
[
"fluke",
"fluke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"(billiards) An aberration.",
"(archaic, US, slang) A shot which scores by chance and not as intended by the player; a fluke."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"archaic",
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"ball-games",
"billiards",
"games",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Horse racing",
"en:Sports"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "There were two scratches in race 8, which reduced the field from nine horses to seven.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A horse withdrawn from a race prior to the start."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"horse racing",
"horse racing"
],
[
"withdrawn",
"withdrawn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports)",
"(horse racing) A horse withdrawn from a race prior to the start."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"horse-racing",
"horseracing",
"horses",
"lifestyle",
"pets",
"racing",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English meioses",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It's just a scratch!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A minor injury."
],
"links": [
[
"minor",
"minor"
],
[
"injury",
"injury"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(meiosis) A minor injury."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, Clive James, North Face of Soho, Picador, published 2007, page 153:",
"text": "He and Bruce cooked up a script together, and Bruce flew home to raise the scratch.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Money."
],
"links": [
[
"Money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) Money."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"slang",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A feed, usually a mixture of a few common grains, given to chickens."
],
"links": [
[
"feed",
"feed"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
],
[
"chicken",
"chicken"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887, James Law, The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser:",
"text": "These are exemplified in the scurfy, scaly affections which appear in the bend of the knee (mallenders) and hock (sallenders) and on the lower parts of the limbs, by scratches, and by a scaly exfoliation[…].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy."
],
"links": [
[
"excoriation",
"excoriation"
],
[
"scab",
"scab"
],
[
"heel",
"heel"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural) Minute, but tender and troublesome, excoriations, covered with scabs, upon the heels of horses which have been used where it is very wet or muddy."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"in-plural",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1775, Frances Burney, Journals & Letters, Penguin 2001, 26 March",
"text": "[H]e turned to him with a dejected Face, and said ‘ – pray Sir, – could you touch up This a little?’ taking hold of his frightful scratch."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A scratch wig."
],
"links": [
[
"scratch wig",
"scratch wig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now historical) A scratch wig."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"historical",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"A genre of Virgin Islander music, better known as fungi."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"fungi",
"fungi"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A genre of Virgin Islander music, better known as fungi."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, P. L. Hawks, I Love Paris:",
"text": "The handwriting in his paper is completely different when compared to his scratch on the note you gave me",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Scrawled or illegible handwriting; chicken scratch."
],
"links": [
[
"chicken scratch",
"chicken scratch"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "skrăch"
},
{
"ipa": "/skɹæt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-scratch.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-us-scratch.ogg/En-us-scratch.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-us-scratch.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ætʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "Virgin Islander music",
"word": "fungi"
},
{
"sense": "Virgin Islander music",
"word": "quelbe"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "cızıq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "drápina",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дра́піна"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "draskotína",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "драскоти́на"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esgarrapada"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esgarrinxada"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esgarrap"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škrábanec"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ridse"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "kras"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "grato"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "naarmu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "viiru"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "éraflure"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "égratignure"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rayure"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rabuñada"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "amata"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rabuño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rascada"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kratzer"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gratzouniá",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γρατζουνιά"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "amukhḗ",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ἀμυχή"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "s'ritá",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "שְׂרִיטָה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "karc"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "karcolás"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "graffio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strappo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "incrinatura"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "thnɑh",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "ថ្នស់"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xarâš",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "خراش"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schraum"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rysa"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zadrapanie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arranhão"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "risco"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"Rumantsch-Grischun",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgriffel"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "carápina",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "цара́пина"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgrìobadh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arañazo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rayadura"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "repa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rivsår"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "çizik"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "podrjápyna",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "подря́пина"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "drjápyna",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дря́пина"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "vết cào"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "vết xước"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "disruption or mark on a surface",
"word": "çığiz"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "česáne",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чеса́не"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "raapiminen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "vakarás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "megvakarás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "vakaródzás"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grattamento"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "česánije",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "чеса́ние"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "an act of scratching the skin to alleviate an itch or irritation",
"word": "wereynayen"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mangizi",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "мангизи"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "centen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "money",
"word": "raha"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pognon"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "flouze"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "blé"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grisbi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "thune"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "malloppo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grana"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bábki",
"sense": "money",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "ба́бки"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "money",
"word": "derben"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"scratch"
],
"word": "scratch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Requests for review of Occitan translations",
"Rhymes:English/ætʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ætʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Assamese translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Guaraní translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kashubian translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Ladino translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Lushootseed translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Nivkh translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old Galician-Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Oromo translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Quechua translations",
"Terms with Rapa Nui translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Sundanese translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Sylheti translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tetum translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Flemish translations",
"Terms with Yakut translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"Terms with Zealandic translations",
"en:Headwear",
"en:Injuries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "scratch sheet"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scracchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scracchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "scratten",
"t": "to scratch"
},
"expansion": "Middle English scratten (“to scratch”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English scracchen, of uncertain origin. Probably a blend of Middle English scratten (“to scratch”) and cracchen (“to scratch”). More at scrat and cratch.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "scratch (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This is scratch paper, so go ahead and scribble whatever you want on it.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"For or consisting of preliminary or tentative, incomplete, etc. work."
],
"links": [
[
"preliminary",
"preliminary"
],
[
"tentative",
"tentative"
],
[
"incomplete",
"incomplete"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902, Henry James, The Wings of the Dove:",
"text": "A scratch company of two innocuous youths and a pacified veteran was therefore what now offered itself to Mrs. Stringham, who rustled in a little breathless and full of the compunction of having had to come alone.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford, published 2004, page 740:",
"text": "Bluecoats began crossing the James on June 14 and next day two corps approached Petersburg, which was held by Beauregard with a scratch force of 2,500.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hastily assembled, arranged or constructed, from whatever materials are to hand, with little or no preparation"
],
"links": [
[
"assembled",
"assembled"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "scratch memory"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to a scratchpad, a data structure or recording medium attached to a machine for testing or temporary use."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"scratchpad",
"scratchpad"
],
[
"data structure",
"data structure"
],
[
"recording",
"recording"
],
[
"medium",
"medium"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) Relating to a scratchpad, a data structure or recording medium attached to a machine for testing or temporary use."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Sports"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1964, Charles Price, The American golfer, page 48:",
"text": "... the shot that does most to make a genuine scratch golfer is the mashie shot up to the pin — not merely up to the green.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(of a player) Of a standard high enough to play without a handicap, i.e. to compete without the benefit of a variation in scoring based on ability."
],
"links": [
[
"sports",
"sports"
],
[
"handicap",
"handicap"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sports) (of a player) Of a standard high enough to play without a handicap, i.e. to compete without the benefit of a variation in scoring based on ability."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "skrăch"
},
{
"ipa": "/skɹæt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-scratch.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ac/En-us-scratch.ogg/En-us-scratch.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/En-us-scratch.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ætʃ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"scratch"
],
"word": "scratch"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "en",
"3": "scratch"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English scratch",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English scratch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "scratchs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "scratch m (plural scratchs)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from English",
"French terms derived from English",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Velcro"
],
"links": [
[
"Velcro",
"Velcro"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "velcro"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/skʁatʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jules78120-scratch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-scratch.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-scratch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4f/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-scratch.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-scratch.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "scratch"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "en",
"3": "scratch"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English scratch",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English scratch.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "scratch m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from English",
"Italian terms derived from English",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"it:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"scratch"
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) scratch"
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"word": "scratch"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "scratchować"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "scratch"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English scratch",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English scratch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "scratch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratche",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratche",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "scratchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "scratche",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "scratch m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"scratch"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"genp": "scratchy",
"nomp": "scratche"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "skrecz"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Polish unadapted borrowings from English",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛt͡ʂ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛt͡ʂ/1 syllable",
"pl:Cycling",
"pl:Music",
"pl:Tennis"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of skrecz"
],
"links": [
[
"cycling",
"cycling#Noun"
],
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"tennis",
"tennis"
],
[
"skrecz",
"skrecz#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cycling, music, tennis) Alternative spelling of skrecz"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"cycling",
"entertainment",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"music",
"sports",
"tennis"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/skrɛt͡ʂ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛt͡ʂ"
},
{
"homophone": "skrecz"
}
],
"word": "scratch"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "en",
"3": "scratch"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from English scratch",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from English scratch.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "scratchs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "scratch m (plural scratchs)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/atʃ",
"Rhymes:Spanish/atʃ/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from English",
"Spanish terms derived from English",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish unadapted borrowings from English",
"es:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"scratch"
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"scratch",
"scratch#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) scratch"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Royal Spanish Academy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/esˈkɾat͡ʃ/"
},
{
"ipa": "[esˈkɾat͡ʃ]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-atʃ"
}
],
"word": "scratch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for scratch meaning in All languages combined (78.6kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: meiosis",
"path": [
"scratch"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "scratch",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: meiosis",
"path": [
"scratch"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "scratch",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.